Egypt (Third Intermediate Period)

Detailed Stylistic and Historical Analysis of the Hathor Emblem on the Third Intermediate Period Open-Work Glass Vase

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Date Created: Created ca. 1070–718 B.C.E. Period: The Third Intermediate Period of Egypt (spanning Dynasties 21–25), an era distinguished by remarkable achievements in minor arts, amulets, and vitreous compositions.

Cosmetic and Unguent Container: Designed as an elite luxury vessel to hold perfumed oils, eye paints, or sacred unguents used in daily grooming or temple rituals. Apotropaic and Regenerative Talisman: The central depiction of Hathor—the goddess of joy, music, fertility, and the afterlife—acted as a powerful protective amulet, ensuring divine regeneration, safe passage through transitional states, and eternal protection for the owner.